Enhancement and maintenance of soil-available iron (Fe) in a continuous cropping system such as that practised in Southeast Nigeria is critical to producing iron-rich food crops and sustaining agricultural productivity. This review focused on the distribution of Fe in Nigerian soils, and factors affecting its availability. It is understood that the amount of Fe in soils depends on soil texture, pH, calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) level, organic matter content, and other soil characteristics. However, soil organic matter and pH have the strongest influence on iron levels. Since both major factors could be enhanced through proper soil management, Fe availability for improved crop production could be achieved.